| Publication |
Sentence |
Publish Date |
Extraction Date |
Species |
| M M Mesulam, D Mash, L Hersh, M Bothwell, C Geul. Cholinergic innervation of the human striatum, globus pallidus, subthalamic nucleus, substantia nigra, and red nucleus. The Journal of comparative neurology. vol 323. issue 2. 1992-11-03. PMID:1401259. |
the distribution of choline acetyltransferase-immunoreactive axons and varicosities and their relationship to regional perikarya showed that the caudate, putamen, nucleus accumbens, olfactory tubercle, globus pallidus, substantia nigra, red nucleus, and subthalamic nucleus of the human brain receive widespread cholinergic innervation. |
1992-11-03 |
2023-08-11 |
human |
| C R Gerfe. The neostriatal mosaic: multiple levels of compartmental organization. Journal of neural transmission. Supplementum. vol 36. 1992-10-22. PMID:1527520. |
striatal projections to the globus pallidus, through connections with the subthalamic nucleus, modulate excitatory input to the output neurons of the basal ganglia, gabaergic neurons in the internal segment of the globus pallidus and in the substantia nigra, whereas striatal projections directly to these neurons, provide inhibitory inputs. |
1992-10-22 |
2023-08-11 |
Not clear |
| C Tranchant, M H Dugay, M Mohr, P Wasser, J M Warte. Familial motor neuron disease with Lewy body-like inclusions in the substantia nigra, the subthalamic nucleus, and the globus pallidus. Journal of the neurological sciences. vol 108. issue 1. 1992-08-11. PMID:1320662. |
familial motor neuron disease with lewy body-like inclusions in the substantia nigra, the subthalamic nucleus, and the globus pallidus. |
1992-08-11 |
2023-08-11 |
Not clear |
| H Aizawa, S Kwak, T Shimizu, T Mannen, H Shibasak. A case of adult onset pure pallidal degeneration. II. Analysis of neurotransmitter markers, with special reference to the termination of pallidothalamic tract in human brain. Journal of the neurological sciences. vol 102. issue 1. 1991-08-28. PMID:1677416. |
neurotransmitter concentrations are significantly altered in the globus pallidus (gp), subthalamic nucleus (st) and the thalamic nuclei. |
1991-08-28 |
2023-08-11 |
human |
| I J Mitchell, R Luquin, S Boyce, C E Clarke, R G Robertson, M A Sambrook, A R Crossma. Neural mechanisms of dystonia: evidence from a 2-deoxyglucose uptake study in a primate model of dopamine agonist-induced dystonia. Movement disorders : official journal of the Movement Disorder Society. vol 5. issue 1. 1990-02-16. PMID:2296259. |
the results demonstrate that dystonia is associated with marked increases in 2-dg uptake in the constituent nuclei of the basal ganglia (caudate nucleus, putamen, medial and lateral segments of the globus pallidus) and in the subthalamic nucleus, but decreased uptake in the structures that receive output of the basal ganglia (ventral anterior/ventral lateral thalamic complex and lateral habenula). |
1990-02-16 |
2023-08-11 |
monkey |
| D S Zah. The ventral striatopallidal parts of the basal ganglia in the rat--II. Compartmentation of ventral pallidal efferents. Neuroscience. vol 30. issue 1. 1989-08-21. PMID:2473414. |
thus, axons destined to terminate in the medial parts of substantia nigra and subthalamic nucleus project from neurons located in the lateral, neurotensin immunoreactivity-deficient part of ventral pallidum and the globus pallidus. |
1989-08-21 |
2023-08-11 |
rat |
| A Parent, Y Smith, M Filion, J Duma. Distinct afferents to internal and external pallidal segments in the squirrel monkey. Neuroscience letters. vol 96. issue 2. 1989-04-24. PMID:2927717. |
the use of retrograde fluorescence double-labeling method has revealed that the internal (gpi) and external (gpe) segments of globus pallidus in squirrel monkey receive projections from different cell populations in striatum and subthalamic nucleus. |
1989-04-24 |
2023-08-11 |
squirrel_monkey |
| A R Crossman, I J Mitchell, M A Sambrook, A Jackso. Chorea and myoclonus in the monkey induced by gamma-aminobutyric acid antagonism in the lentiform complex. The site of drug action and a hypothesis for the neural mechanisms of chorea. Brain : a journal of neurology. vol 111 ( Pt 5). 1988-12-14. PMID:3179691. |
it is proposed that ballism and chorea share common neural mechanisms, both involving the loss of influence of the subthalamic nucleus on the medial segment of the globus pallidus. |
1988-12-14 |
2023-08-11 |
monkey |
| J D Barks, F S Silverstein, K Sims, J T Greenamyre, M V Johnsto. Glutamate recognition sites in human fetal brain. Neuroscience letters. vol 84. issue 2. 1988-03-02. PMID:2893319. |
in fetal brain, prominent [3h]glutamate binding was evident in hippocampal formation, caudate-putamen, globus pallidus, subthalamic nucleus, reticular nucleus of thalamus and substantia innominata. |
1988-03-02 |
2023-08-11 |
human |
| E Scarnati, A Gasbarri, E Campana, C Pacitt. The organization of nucleus tegmenti pedunculopontinus neurons projecting to basal ganglia and thalamus: a retrograde fluorescent double labeling study in the rat. Neuroscience letters. vol 79. issue 1-2. 1987-12-09. PMID:3670718. |
fast blue was injected into the substantia nigra (sn) while nuclear yellow was delivered to one of the following nuclei: globus pallidus (gp), entopeduncular nucleus, subthalamic nucleus (stn) or parafascicular nucleus of the thalamus. |
1987-12-09 |
2023-08-11 |
rat |
| S Gilman, G W Dauth, K A Frey, J B Penne. Experimental hemiplegia in the monkey: basal ganglia glucose activity during recovery. Annals of neurology. vol 22. issue 3. 1987-12-01. PMID:3674802. |
during the phase of dense hemiplegia, the local cerebral metabolic rate for glucose (lcmrglc) is decreased significantly in the caudate nucleus, putamen, globus pallidus, subthalamic nucleus, substantia nigra, and red nucleus of the hemisphere ipsilateral to the lesion. |
1987-12-01 |
2023-08-11 |
monkey |
| M Shibuya, N Arita, Y L Yamamot. Regional differences in local cerebral blood flow (LCBF) and glucose utilization (LCGU) in the basal ganglia after occlusion of the middle cerebral artery in rats. Journal of neural transmission. vol 68. issue 3-4. 1987-04-27. PMID:3559540. |
in contrast to the unanimous decrease of lcbf in the ipsilateral cortices and the lateral striatum, complexed changes in lcgu were found in not only the cortex and striatum but also in many other subcortical regions which were closely related to the distribution of the mesencephalic dopamine neurons, such as globus pallidus, substantia nigra, subthalamic nucleus, nucleus accumbens, olfactory tubercle and lateral habenular nucleus. |
1987-04-27 |
2023-08-11 |
rat |
| O Hornykiewicz, S J Kish, L E Becker, I Farley, K Shanna. Brain neurotransmitters in dystonia musculorum deformans. The New England journal of medicine. vol 315. issue 6. 1986-09-17. PMID:2426591. |
elevated concentrations of norepinephrine were found in the septum, thalamus, colliculi, red nucleus, and dorsal raphe nucleus; of serotonin, in the globus pallidus, subthalamic nucleus, and locus ceruleus; and of 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid, in the globus pallidus, subthalamic nucleus, and nuclei raphe centralis inferior and obscurus. |
1986-09-17 |
2023-08-11 |
Not clear |
| I Mintz, C Hammond, J Fége. Excitatory effect of iontophoretically applied dopamine on identified neurons of the rat subthalamic nucleus. Brain research. vol 375. issue 1. 1986-08-04. PMID:3719355. |
the effects of iontophoretic applications of dopamine were studied on neurons of the subthalamic nucleus (stn) identified by their histological location, their response to contralateral vibrissae stimulation and, for 33% of them, by their antidromic activation from the globus pallidus. |
1986-08-04 |
2023-08-11 |
rat |
| I J Mitchell, A Jackson, M A Sambrook, A R Crossma. Common neural mechanisms in experimental chorea and hemiballismus in the monkey. Evidence from 2-deoxyglucose autoradiography. Brain research. vol 339. issue 2. 1985-10-23. PMID:4027631. |
patterns of 2-deoxyglucose uptake suggest that during both forms of experimental dyskinesia the subthalamic nucleus and its projection to the globus pallidus are abnormally hypoactive. |
1985-10-23 |
2023-08-11 |
monkey |
| D Van der Kooy, B Kol. Non-cholinergic globus pallidus cells that project to the cortex but not to the subthalamic nucleus in rat. Neuroscience letters. vol 57. issue 2. 1985-10-07. PMID:4034088. |
non-cholinergic globus pallidus cells that project to the cortex but not to the subthalamic nucleus in rat. |
1985-10-07 |
2023-08-11 |
rat |
| D Van der Kooy, B Kol. Non-cholinergic globus pallidus cells that project to the cortex but not to the subthalamic nucleus in rat. Neuroscience letters. vol 57. issue 2. 1985-10-07. PMID:4034088. |
this population was separate from the more numerous population of medium size globus pallidus cells projecting to the subthalamic nucleus and was also separate from the pallidal and especially peripallidal population of large cholinergic cells projecting to the cortex. |
1985-10-07 |
2023-08-11 |
rat |
| L M Gunne, J E Häggströ. Pathophysiology of tardive dyskinesia. Psychopharmacology. Supplementum. vol 2. 1985-07-24. PMID:3858799. |
dyskinetic animals chronically treated with neuroleptics had significant decreases in glutamic acid decarboxylase and gaba in the substantia nigra, the medial globus pallidus, and the subthalamic nucleus, whereas animals without dyskinesias which had been treated similarly had a normal distribution of these biochemical parameters. |
1985-07-24 |
2023-08-11 |
rat |
| M R DeLong, M D Crutcher, A P Georgopoulo. Primate globus pallidus and subthalamic nucleus: functional organization. Journal of neurophysiology. vol 53. issue 2. 1985-04-26. PMID:3981228. |
neuronal relations to active movements of individual body parts and neuronal responses to somatosensory stimulation were studied in the external (gpe) and internal (gpi) segments of the globus pallidus (gp) and the subthalamic nucleus (stn) of awake monkeys. |
1985-04-26 |
2023-08-11 |
monkey |
| M R Delong, A P Georgopoulos, M D Crutcher, S J Mitchell, R T Richardson, G E Alexande. Functional organization of the basal ganglia: contributions of single-cell recording studies. Ciba Foundation symposium. vol 107. 1985-01-24. PMID:6389041. |
studies of single-cell discharge in the basal ganglia of behaving primates have revealed: characteristic patterns of spontaneous discharge in the striatum, external (gpe) and internal (gpi) globus pallidus, pars reticulata and pars compacta of the substantia nigra, and the subthalamic nucleus (stn); phasic changes in neural discharge in relation to movements of specific body parts (e.g. |
1985-01-24 |
2023-08-12 |
Not clear |